Table of Contents
Section I. Current Ethical Issues in the Accounting Profession1
| Understanding Ethics | 1 |
| A Definition of Ethics | 1 |
| How do you act when no one is looking? | 1 |
| Special Topics: Managing Ethics | 2 |
| Analytical Model for Ethical Decisions | 2 |
| Fiduciary Standard of Care | 3 |
| Managing Conflicts of Interest When Providing a Range of Services | 3 |
| Artificial Intelligence and Accounting | 6 |
| Review Questions | 9 |
Section II. AICPA Code of Professional Conduct10
| Overview of the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct | 10 |
| Applicability | 10 |
| Principles of Professional Conduct | 10 |
| Rules Are Not Enough | 10 |
| The AICPA Principles | 11 |
| Using the Principles in Practice | 12 |
| Independence, Integrity, and Objectivity: The Core Values of the Accounting Profession | 15 |
| Rules of the Code of Professional Conduct | 15 |
| 1.100 Integrity and Objectivity | 15 |
| 1.200 Independence | 15 |
| 1.300 General Standards | 16 |
| 1.400 Acts Discreditable | 16 |
| 1.500 Fees and Other Types of Remuneration | 16 |
| 1.600 Advertising and Other Forms of Solicitation | 17 |
| 1.700 Confidential Client Information | 17 |
| 1.800 Form of Organization and Name | 18 |
| Review Questions | 19 |
Section III. Statements on Standards for Tax Services (SSTS)20
| Introduction | 20 |
| Revisions to the SSTS | 20 |
| Reorganization | 20 |
| Data Protection | 21 |
| Reliance on Tools | 21 |
| Tax Representation | 21 |
| Statement on Standards for Tax Services No. 1, General Standards for Members Providing Tax Services | 21 |
| 1.1 Advising on Tax Positions | 21 |
| 1.2 Knowledge of Errors | 22 |
| 1.3. Data Protection | 22 |
| 1.4. Reliance on Tools | 23 |
| Statement on Standards for Tax Services No. 2, Standards for Members Providing Tax Compliance Services, Including Tax Return Positions | 23 |
| 2.1. Tax Return Positions | 23 |
| 2.2. Tax Return Questions | 24 |
| 2.3. Reliance on Information From Others | 24 |
| 2.4. Use of Estimates | 24 |
| 2.5. Departure From Previous Positions | 25 |
| Statement on Standards for Tax Services No. 3, Standards for Members Providing Tax Consulting Services | 25 |
| Statement on Standards for Tax Services No. 4, Standards for Members Providing Tax Representation Services | 26 |
| Case Examples | 27 |
| 1. When rules are unclear | 27 |
| 2. Inappropriate tax position | 27 |
| 3. Knowledge of error | 27 |
| Review Questions | 28 |
Section IV. Internal Revenue Service Circular 23029
| Introduction | 29 |
| The Office of Professional Responsibility | 29 |
| Circular 230, Regulations Governing Practice before the Internal Revenue Service | 29 |
| Who is Subject to Treasury Circular No. 230? | 29 |
| Selected Obligations under Treasury Circular No. 230 | 30 |
| Due Diligence | 30 |
| Competence | 30 |
| Conflicts of Interest | 30 |
| Tax Return Positions | 31 |
| Written Tax Advice | 31 |
| Errors and Omissions | 31 |
| Furnishing Information to the IRS/OPR | 32 |
| Handling Matters Promptly | 32 |
| Client Records | 32 |
| Contingent Fees | 33 |
| Solicitation | 33 |
| Negotiating Checks | 33 |
| Supervisory Responsibilities | 33 |
| Personal Tax Compliance Responsibilities | 33 |
| Best Practices | 34 |
| Review Question | 35 |
Section V. New York State Education Department, State Board for Public Accountancy36
| About Office of the Professions | 36 |
| Professional Regulation in New York State | 36 |
| New York's Professional Discipline System | 37 |
| New York State Education Law | 38 |
| Article 149: Public Accountancy | 38 |
| Rules of the Board of Regents | 45 |
| Role of the New York Board of Regents | 45 |
| § 29.1 General Provisions. | 46 |
| § 29.10 Special Provisions for the Profession of Public Accountancy. | 49 |
| Review Questions | 68 |
Appendix I Regulations of the Commissioner of Education: Part 70, Public Accountancy69
Appendix II Full Text of Article 149, Sections 7400 Through 741090
Appendix III. AICPA Glossary98
Appendix IV. Answers and Explanations to Review Questions113
| Section I. Current Ethical Issues in the Accounting Profession | 113 |
| Section II. AICPA Code of Professional Conduct | 114 |
| Section III. Standards for Tax Services | 116 |
| Section IV. IRS Circular 230 | 117 |
| Section V. New York State Education Department, State Board for Public Accountancy | 117 |
Index121
Endnotes122
Course Details
Author: Beacon Hill Financial Educators
Publication/Revision Date: 11/20/2025
Course Exam Questions (online): 20 (multiple-choice)
Program Delivery Method: Self-Study (NASBA QAS Self-Study)
Available Formats of Course Text: Downloadable PDF, Printed/Mailed
Course Level, Prerequisites, and Advance Preparation Requirements
| License | Course Level | Prerequisites | Advance Preparation Requirements |
|---|
| CPA | Overview | None | None |
* This program is appropriate for professionals at all organizational levels.
Sponsor ID Numbers
National Registry of CPE Sponsors I.D.: 107615
State CPA Board Sponsor ID Numbers (where applicable)
Florida Division of Certified Public Accounting: 0004761
Hawaii Board of Public Accountancy: 14003
New York State Board for Public Accountancy: 002146
Ohio Accountancy Board: CPE .51 PSR
Pennsylvania State Board of Accountancy: PX178025
Texas State Board of Public Accountancy: 009349
Learning Objectives
As a result of studying the course material, you should be able to meet the objectives listed below:
I. Selected Ethical Issues in the Accounting Profession- Define ethics in the context of being ethical versus acting ethically.
- Identify the types of accounting services in which the fiduciary standard applies.
- Recognize the circumstances under which conflicts of interest can arise when a variety of accounting services are offered by a CPA or firm.
- Understand how the use of artificial intelligence raises ethical concerns in the accounting profession.
II. AICPA Code of Professional Conduct- Recognize the primary components that serve as the foundation of the AICPA ethical standards.
- Differentiate between the AICPA Principles of the Code of Professional Conduct.
III. Statements on Standards for Tax Services- Recognize the general standards for members providing tax services.
- Understand the standards for members providing tax compliance services and tax return positions.
- Understand the standards for members providing tax consulting services.
- Understand the standards for members providing tax representation services.
IV. Internal Revenue Service Circular 230- Define the duties and restrictions relating to practice before the Internal Revenue Service.
V. New York State Education Department, State Board for Public Accountancy- Recognize the requirements for practicing public accountancy in New York.
- Recognize the general provisions of the Rules of the Board of Regents.